FINE PARTICULATES  (PM2.5s).

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Found 3% reduction in deaths for every 1ug/m3 average reduction of PM2.5 air pollution.

3.              Wilson CG, Washington N.  21 Dec.2000   Physiological Pharmaceutics –Biological Barriers to Drug Absorption  . Chapter 10. John Wiley & Sons. Proves PM2.5 is critical size.  

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7.              Miller KA, Siscovick DS, Sheppard L, Shepherd K, Sullivan JH, Anderson GL, Kaufman JD. 1 Feb 2007.  Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Incidence of Cardiovascular Events in Women. New England Journal of Medicine. Vol 356:No. 5. pp 447-458. 10ug/m3 PM2.5s increased CVS deaths  76%.  

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12.          UK Environment Agency  April 2002 Analysis of particle size of emissions of Barrington cement works acting as co-incinerator proving PM2.2 was peak size.

13.          Pope CA, Thun MJ, Namboodiri MM, Dockery DW, Evans JS, Speizer FE, Heath CW. 1995. Particulate Air Pollution as a Predictor of Mortality in a prospective study of US Adults. Am J Crit Care Med 15 l.

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27.          Stefanov W. 31 May 2001. Ill Winds Carry Toxic Dust. Report of presentation on previous day at the American Geophysical Union spring meeting, Boston. Lazaroff C. at Environment News Service httpa/ens.lycos.comlenslmay200112001L-OS-31-07.html

28.          Braga ALF, Saldiva PHN, Pereira LAA, Menezes JJC, Conceicao GMS, Lin CA, Zanobetti A, Schwartz J, Dockery DW. 2001. Health Effects of Air Pollution Exposure on Children and Adolescents in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Pediatric Pulmonology 31

29.          Lloyd OL and Galley FAY. June 1992. Low Technology Sampling can Show Spacial & Temporal Patterns of Airborne Metal Pollution. Proceedings of "The role of the ASAIHL in Combating Health Hazards of Environmental Pollution". University of Hong Kong.

30.          Dockery DW, Speizer FE, Arden Pope C. 2000. Effects of Particulate Air Pollution Exposures.       Particle-Lung Interactions Ch 19

31.          Peters A, Liu E, Verrier RL, Schwartz J, Gold DR, Mittleman M, Baliff J, Oh JA, Dockery DW. Jan 2000. Air Pollution and Incidence of Cardiac Arrhythmia. Epidemiology 11/1

32.          Zaobetti A, Schwartz J, Dockery DW. Nov. 2000. Airborne Particles Are a Risk Factor For Hospital Admissions for Heart & Lung Disease. Environmental Health Perspectives 108/11.

33.          Zaobetti A, Schwartz J, Gold D. September 2000. Are There Sensitive Subgroups For the Effects of Airborne Particles? Environmental Health Perspectives 10819

34.          Schwartz Joel. June 2000. Daily Deaths are Associated With Combustion Particles Rather Than S02 in Philadelphia. Occupational Environmental Med 2000 692-691

35.          Laden F, Neas LM, Dockery DW, Schwartz J. October 2000. Association of Fine Particulate Matter from Different Sources With Daily Mortality in Six US Cities. Environmental Health Perspectives 108/10

36.          Salvi S, Blomberg A, Rudell B, Kelly F, Sandstrom T, Holgate ST, Frew A. 1999. Acute Inflammatory Responses in the Airways and Peripheral Blood After Short Term Exposure to Diesel Exhaust in Healthy Human Volunteers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159 p702-209

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38.          Schwartz J. June 2000. Assessing Confounding, Effect Modification, and Thresholds in the Association between Ambient Particles & Daily Deaths. Envir. Health Perspectives 10816

39.          Gold DR, Litonjua A, Schwartz J, Lovett E, Larson A, Nearing B, Allen BS, Verrier M, Cherry R, Verrier R. March 212000. Ambient Pollution and Heart rate Variability.

40.          Schwartz J. January 2000. Is There Harvesting in the Association of Airborne Particles with Daily Deaths and Hospital Admissions? Epidemiology 1211

41.          Derbyshire Times. 17 December 2000. Hospital Death Rates Inquiry and Personal communication

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46.          Rachel's Environment & Health News. April 12 2001. Arsenic from your Tap. Env. Research Foundation.

47.          Peters A, Dockery DW, Muller JE, Mittleman MA. 12 June 2001. Increased Particulate Air Pollution and the Triggering of Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 103/23 p2810-2815.

48.          Dockery DW, Pope 111 CA, Xiping Xu, Spengler JD, Ware JH, Martha EF, Ferris BG, Spetzer FE. 9 December 1993. An Association Between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six US Cities. The New England Journal of Medicine 329 p 1753.

49.          van Steenis D. 8 April 1995. Airborne Pollutants and Acute Health Effects. Lancet 345.

50.          Gaily FAY, Lloyd OL. 1993. Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Airborne Metal Pollution: The Value of Low Tech. Sampling to an Environmental Epidemiology Study. Science of the Total Environment 133 p201-219.

51.          Schwartz J and Dockery DW. 21 August 1995. Particulate Air'Pollution and Daily Mortality in Steubenville Ohio. American Journal of Epidemiology. 13 511

52.          Clean Air Task Force. October 2000. Death, Disease and Dirty Power. www.cleartheair.org

53.          Arden Pope, Dockery DW. 1992. Acute Health Effects of PM 10 Pollution on Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Children. Am Rev Respir Dis 1451 p 1123 -1128.

54.          Peters A, Tuch T, Heinrich J, Heyder J, Wichmann HE. July 1995. Short Term Effects of PM 10, Fine and Ultra Fine Particles on Lung Function and Symptoms. Epidemiology. S641228

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57.          Costa DL, Dreher KL. 1997. Bioavailable Transition Metals in Particulate Matter Mediate Cardiopulmonary Injury in Healthy and Compromised Animal Models. Environmental Health Perspectives

58.          Chapman RS, Watkinson WP, Dreher KL, Costa DL. 1997. Ambient Particulate Matter and Respiratory and Cardiovascular Illness in Adults: Particle-Borne Transition Metals and the Heart -Lung Axis. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology/ 4 p331-338.

59.          Martin LD, Krunkosky TM, Dye JA, Fischer BM, Jiang NF, Rochelle LG, Akley NJ, Dreher KL and Adler KB. February 1997. The Role of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in the Response of Airway Epithelium to Particulates. US EPA

60.          Su Wei-Yu, Kodavanti UP, Jaskot RH, Costa DL, Dreher KL. 1995. Temporal Expression and Cellular Distribution of Pulmonary Fibronectin Gene Induction Following Exposure to an Emission Source Particle. Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology/ 14 (3&4), p215-225

61.          Dye JA, Adler KB, Richards JH, Dreher KL. August 1996. Epithelial Injury Induced by Exposure To Residual Oil Fly Ash Particles: Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species? Am. Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology.

62.          Newman LS, Kreis K. 1992. Nonoccupational Beryllium Disease Masquerading as Sarcoidosis: Identification by Blood Lymphocyte Proliferative Response to Beryllium. Am Rev Respir Dis1145 p12124

63.          Knobel HH, Chen CJ. July 1995. Air Pollution and Sudden Unexplained Infant Deaths in Taiwan. Epidemiologyl6

64.          Lloyd OL, Galley FA. 1987. Techniques of low technology sampling of air pollution by metals: a comparison of concentrations and map patterns. British Journal of Industrial Medicine/ 44l p494-504

65.          Conant JB, Compton AH, Urey HC. 30 October 1943. Use of Radioactive Materials as a Military Weapon (PMl) US War Department

66.          Health Effects Institute. 1998. Daily Mortality and Fine and Ultrafine Particles in Erfurt. Report 98.

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71.          Berti D. 15116 March 2000. Morphology and Composition of Airborne Particulate (PM2.5) by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Conference/London The Royal Society

72.          Wulf Schnabel J, Lohse J. May 1999. Economic Evaluation of Dust Abatement Techniques in the European Cement Industry. Report for European Commission DG X 1

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76.          Environment News Service. 16 January 2001. EPA To Regulate Air Pollution From Ocean Ships. www.earthisland.org/bwl

77.          Lazaroff C. 18 January 2001. US Moves To Clean Air Over Nation's Parks. Environment News Service. USEPA has serial photos at increasing PM2.5 levels from 3 to 63ug1m3

78.          Lazaroff C. 9 February 2001. Soot Called Major Cause of Global Warming. Environment News Service.

79.          What Car! June 1999. Diesel Is Dirtier. P37-41

80.          Belgian platform environment & health. July 2001. Report on the health impact of the MIWA-waste incinerator in Sint-Niklaas Belgium. www.milieugezondheid.be

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82.          Murray D. 22-9-1998. Shock Warning That Tube's Toxic Dust Could Kill. Evening Standard.

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84.          CPL Report. March 1999. Levels of PM 10 & PM2.5 particulates in Derbyshire for EMDA.

85.          Health Effects Institute. 1997. Identifying Subgroups of the General Population that may be Susceptible to Short­Term Increases in particulate Air Pollution. Research Report 97

86.          Dreher KL, Jaskot RH, Lehmann JR, Richards JH, Mcgee JK, Ghio A and Costa DL. 1997. Soluble Transition Metals Mediate Residual Oil Fly Ash Induced Acute Lung Injury. Journal of Toxicology and Env. Health/50.  pp 285-305

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88.          Kodavanti UP, Jaskot RH, SU WY, Costa DL, Ghio AJ and Dreher KL. 1997. Genetic Variability in Combustion Particle-Induced Chronic Lung Injury. American Physiological Society/ L521-L532

89.          Wightwick A. 6 Nov. 1998. Biological Warfare Tests Conducted Secretly Over Wales. The Western Mail

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91.          National Resources Defense Council. 14 February 2001. No Breathing in the Aisles:Diesel exhaust inside school buses. Environment News Service and www.nrdc.orglair/transportationlschoolbuslsbusinx.asp

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93.          Anderson A, Berge SR, England A and Norseth T. July 1995. Nickel Exposure and Smoking in relation to Lung Cancer among Nickel Refinery Workers. Epidemiology 6l4 S 1161091

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107.       Lopez J. 11 November 1999. Workers and Residents in Western Australia Suffer Health problems From Alcoa's Alumina Plant.  www.wsws.

108.       Ezeonu FC, Ezejiofor TIN. 1999. Biochemical Indicators of Occupational Health Hazards in Nkalagu Cement Industry Workers. The Science of the Total Environment 1228 p275-278

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